Kilowatt Hours (kWh)

A kilowatt-hour (kWh) measures electrical energy equivalent to one kilowatt of power supplied for one hour. It equals 3.6 million joules and is the standard billing unit for electricity consumption worldwide [bipm-si-brochure].

Origin

The kilowatt-hour emerged with widespread electric power usage in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It became standardized as electric utilities adopted it for consumer energy measurement and billing [bipm-si-brochure].

Worldwide Use

The kWh is the universal unit for residential and commercial electricity billing globally, including in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is used extensively in energy management, engineering, and environmental reporting [nist-si-guide].

Common References

  • A typical household uses about 30 kWh per day
  • An electric kettle consumes roughly 0.1 kWh per use
  • A 100-watt bulb running for 10 hours uses 1 kWh
Kilowatt HoursJoules1 kWh = 3,600,000 JKilowatt HoursKilojoules1 kWh = 3,600 kJKilowatt HoursMegajoules1 kWh = 3.6 MJKilowatt HoursGigajoules1 kWh = 0.0036 GJKilowatt HoursCalories1 kWh = 860,420.6501 calKilowatt HoursKilocalories1 kWh = 860.4207 kcalKilowatt HoursWatt Hours1 kWh = 1,000 WhKilowatt HoursMegawatt Hours1 kWh = 0.001 MWhKilowatt HoursElectron Volts1 kWh = 22,469,432,668,058,746,000,000,000 eVKilowatt HoursBritish Thermal Units1 kWh = 3,412.1282 BTUKilowatt HoursTherms1 kWh = 0.0341 thmKilowatt HoursFoot-Pounds1 kWh = 2,655,223.6362 ft⋅lbfKilowatt HoursErgs1 kWh = 36,000,000,000,000 ergKilowatt HoursWatts1 kWh = 3,600,000 WKilowatt HoursKilowatts1 kWh = 3,600 kWKilowatt HoursMegawatts1 kWh = 3.6 MWKilowatt HoursGigawatts1 kWh = 0.0036 GWKilowatt HoursHorsepower1 kWh = 4,827.6787 hpKilowatt HoursMetric Horsepower1 kWh = 4,894.6362 PSKilowatt HoursFoot-Pounds per Minute1 kWh = 159,313,183.1659 ft⋅lbf/minKilowatt HoursFoot-Pounds per Second1 kWh = 2,655,223.6362 ft⋅lbf/sKilowatt HoursBTU per Hour1 kWh = 12,283,712.8204 BTU/hKilowatt HoursBTU per Minute1 kWh = 204,728.0813 BTU/minKilowatt HoursTons of Refrigeration1 kWh = 1,023.6424 TRKilowatt HoursMilliwatts1 kWh = 3,600,000,000 mWKilowatt HoursMicrowatts1 kWh = 3,600,000,000,000 µWKilowatt HoursNanowatts1 kWh = 3,600,000,000,000,000 nWKilowatt HoursTerawatts1 kWh = 0 TWKilowatt HoursPetajoules1 kWh = 0 PJKilowatt HoursExajoules1 kWh = 0 EJKilowatt HoursCalories (Nutritional)1 kWh = 860.4207 CalKilowatt HoursTons of TNT1 kWh = 0.0009 tTNTKilowatt HoursKilotons of TNT1 kWh = 0 ktTNTKilowatt HoursMegatons of TNT1 kWh = 0 MtTNTKilowatt HoursBarrels of Oil Equivalent1 kWh = 0.0006 BOE